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1.
Arch Esp Urol ; 73(4): 281-292, 2020 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32379063

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To describe in more detail the usual clinical practice regarding physical examination (PE) in Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS) and to evaluate if the performance of PE relates to changes in severity of symptoms and in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Epidemiological, observational, national and multicentric study that included 319 patients with BPS (79 of new diagnosis and 240 in follow-up). Demographic and clinical data were collected. The diagnostic study was performed according to the usual clinical practice, including as the case: PE and biopsy. The patients completed the "Bladder Pain/Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Score" (BPIC-SS) and "EuroQoL-5D-5L" (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. To describe the continuous variables, the mean, standard deviation (SD) and quartiles analyzed were used, and for categorical variables, number and percentage of patients by response category. The questionnaires' results were described according to the visual analog scale (VAS). Health status was evaluated in patients with myofascial pain. RESULTS: PE was performed in 296 cases. 28.4% of the patients presented pelvic myofascial pain. The variation of the BPIC-SS score in the explored patients was 7.77 points, compared to 1.73 in the unexplored ones. The variations in EQ-5D-5L were 0.13 and 0.04 points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Myofascial involvement was observed in 28.4% of the 296 cases of BPS who receiveda PE. It is important to implement a systematic, comprehensive method of PE at the national level in order to achieve a more precise characterization of BPS and a better evolution of the patient's symptoms and HRQoL.


OBJETIVOS: Conocer en mayor detalle la práctica clínica habitual de la exploración física (EF) del Síndrome de Dolor Vesical (SDV) y evaluar los cambios en síntomas y Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS) según los resultados de la EF.MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio epidemiológico, observacional, nacional y multicéntrico que incluyó 319 pacientes con SDV (79 de nuevo diagnóstico y 240 en seguimiento). Se recogieron datos demográficos y clínicos. El estudio diagnóstico se realizó según práctica  clínica habitual, incluyendo según el caso: EF y biopsia. Las pacientes cumplimentaron los cuestionarios "BladderPain/Interstitial Cystitis-Symptom Score" (BPIC-SS) y "EuroQoL-5D-5L" (EQ-5D-5L). Para describir las variables continuas se utilizaron la media, desviación estándar (DE) y cuartiles analizados y para las cualitativas, el número y porcentaje de pacientes por categoría de respuesta. Los resultados de los cuestionarios se describieron según la escala visual analógica (EVA). Se evaluó el estado de salud en pacientes con dolor miofascial. RESULTADOS: Se realizó EF en 296 casos. El 28,4% de los pacientes presentaban dolor miofascial. La variación de la puntuación BPIC-SS en los pacientes explorados fue de 7,77 puntos, en comparación con los 1,73 en los no explorados. Las variaciones en EQ-5D-5L fueron 0,13 y 0,04 puntos, respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La implicación miofascial se observó en el 28,4% de los 296 casos de SDV sometidos a EF. Es importante implementar un método sistemático e integral de EF a nivel nacional para lograr una caracterización más precisa del SDV y una mejor evolución de los síntomas y CVRS del paciente.


Assuntos
Cistite Intersticial , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Exame Físico , Qualidade de Vida , Inquéritos e Questionários
2.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 73(4): 281-292, mayo 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-192988

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Conocer en mayor detalle la práctica clínica habitual de la exploración física (EF) del Síndrome de Dolor Vesical (SDV) y evaluar los cambios en síntomas y Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud (CVRS) según los resultados de la EF. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio epidemiológico, observacional, nacional y multicéntrico que incluyó 319 pacientes con SDV (79 de nuevo diagnóstico y 240 en seguimiento). Se recogieron datos demográficos y clínicos. El estudio diagnóstico se realizó según práctica clínica habitual, incluyendo según el caso: EF y biopsia. Las pacientes cumplimentaron los cuestionarios "BladderPain/Interstitial Cystitis-Symptom Score" (BPIC-SS) y "EuroQoL-5D-5L" (EQ-5D-5L). Para describir las variables continuas se utilizaron la media, desviación estándar (DE) y cuartiles analizados y para las cualitativas, el número y porcentaje de pacientes por categoría de respuesta. Los resultados de los cuestionarios se describieron según la escala visual analógica (EVA). Se evaluó el estado de salud en pacientes con dolor miofascial. RESULTADOS: Se realizó EF en 296 casos. El 28,4% de los pacientes presentaban dolor miofascial. La variación de la puntuación BPIC-SS en los pacientes explorados fue de 7,77 puntos, en comparación con los 1,73 en los no explorados. Las variaciones en EQ-5D-5L fueron 0,13 y 0,04 puntos, respectivamente. CONCLUSIONES: La implicación miofascial se observó en el 28,4% de los 296 casos de SDV sometidos a EF. Es importante implementar un método sistemático e integral de EF a nivel nacional para lograr una caracterización más precisa del SDV y una mejor evolución de los síntomas y CVRS del paciente


OBJECTIVES: To describe in more detail the usual clinical practice regarding physical examination (PE) in Bladder Pain Syndrome (BPS) and to evaluate if the performance of PE relates to changes in severity of symptoms and in Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Epidemiological, observational, national and multicentric study that included 319 patients with BPS (79 of new diagnosis and 240 in follow-up). Demographic and clinical data were collected. The diagnostic study was performed according to the usual clinical practice, including as the case: PE and biopsy. The patients completed the "Bladder Pain/ Interstitial Cystitis Symptom Score" (BPIC-SS) and "EuroQoL- 5D-5L" (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaires. To describe the continuous variables, the mean, standard deviation (SD) and quartiles analyzed were used, and for categorical variables, number and percentage of patients by response category. The questionnaires' results were described according to the visual analog scale (VAS). Health status was evaluated in patients with myofascial pain. RESULTS: PE was performed in 296 cases. 28.4% of the patients presented pelvic myofascial pain. The variation of the BPIC-SS score in the explored patients was 7.77 points, compared to 1.73 in the unexplored ones. The variations in EQ-5D-5L were 0.13 and 0.04 points, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Myofascial involvement was observed in 28.4% of the 296 cases of BPS who received a PE. It is important to implement a systematic, comprehensive method of PE at the national level in order to achieve a more precise characterization of BPS and a better evolution of the patient's symptoms and HRQoL


Assuntos
Humanos , Exame Físico , Uretra/patologia , Dor Crônica/terapia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/terapia , Manejo da Dor , Biópsia , Inquéritos e Questionários , Comunicação Interdisciplinar , Dor Facial/etiologia , Dor Pélvica , Cistite Intersticial/terapia
3.
Arch Esp Urol ; 59(6): 601-6, 2006.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16933488

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To compare the results of the Blaivas and Groutz nomogram in the diagnosis of female urinary obstruction with videourodynamic tests. METHODS: We performed a transverse study in a series of 52 female patients with ages between 20 and 81 years (mean age: 48.7 years; standard deviation: 14.4 years) and functional lower urinary tract symptoms referred for videourodynamic studies. All patients underwent free flowmetry and voiding videourodynamic study. From the scores of free flowmetry and maximum detrusor pressure in the detrusor pressure/voiding flow test of the urodynamic study they were classified in one of four categories following the Blaivas and Groutz nomogram. Following urodynamic data they were classified into three categories: absence of obstruction, bladder neck obstruction and urethral obstruction. The nomogram results were compared with the videourodynamic data using the Pearson chi-square statistical test. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram were also determined. RESULTS: The Blaivas and Groutz nomogram showed a significant association with the videourodynamic data (p = 0.000). Its diagnostic sensitivity for obstruction was 100%, but its specificity was only 67.5%. The percentage of diagnostic discrepancies was maximal in the mild obstruction, where one third of the patients were obstructed following the videourodynamic data. CONCLUSIONS: The Blaivas and Groutz nomogram is a sensitive method for the diagnosis of obstruction, but its specificity is low so that it has the tendency to overdiagnose the presence of obstruction in the female patient.


Assuntos
Nomogramas , Obstrução Uretral/diagnóstico , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Urodinâmica , Gravação em Vídeo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
4.
Arch Esp Urol ; 59(5): 479-88, 2006 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16903549

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To characterize the neurourological features of the vesicourethral dysfunction of patients with cogenital myelomeningocele when they reach the adult age. METHODS: We report the results of the neurourological physical examination and video urodynamic tests of 52 adult patients born with myelomeningocele, with ages ranging from 18 to 14 years (mean age 20.7) controlled over the last 14 years in the Urodynamics Unit of the Hospital Gregorio Morañon in Madrid. The neurological level of the lesion was evaluated in all of them. Following these results we established the diagnosis of the lesion of the three constitutive elements of the vesicourethral innervation (sympathetic, parasympathetic, and pudendal) in order to classify the lower urinary tract neurogenic dysfunction of the patients based on lesion level and type of damaged innervation. RESULTS: The alteration of the perineal sensitivity and diminishment of the anal sphincter tone, in addition to absence of anal voluntary controlled and bulbocavernosus reflex, where the most frequent findings in the neurourological physical examination. Detrusor behaviour was predominantly areflexic (88.4%), in association with diminished bladder compliance in half of the cases. The sphincter was not competent during the filling phase in 51.9% of the cases, competent in 42.3%, and normal in the remainder 5.7%. During the voiding phase we confirmed the absence of sphincter relaxation in 82.6% of the cases. There was a predominance of the lower level of lesion in all three sympathetic, parasympathetic and pudendal nerves. In almost all patients (96.7%) there was lesion in at least two of the three types of innervation. The most frequent neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract was the multiple inferior motor neuron pure lesion (65.3%), also finding pure superior motor neuron (3.8%), mixed multiple (9.6%), and pure single lesions (1.9%). Three patients presented a normal vesicourethral function. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the multiplicity of lower urinary tract neurogenic dysfunction in adult patients with congenital myelomeningocele, its occasional absence, the lack of correlation with the neurological level of the lesion, and the predominance of the multiple inferior motor neuron pure type of lesion.


Assuntos
Meningomielocele/complicações , Sistema Nervoso/fisiopatologia , Doenças Uretrais/etiologia , Doenças Uretrais/fisiopatologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/etiologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Urodinâmica
5.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(6): 601-605, jul.-ago. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049353

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: contrastar los resultados del nomograma propuesto por Blaivas y Groutz para el diagnóstico de obstrucción urinaria en el sexo femenino con los datos obtenidos mediante estudio videourodinámico. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal de corte en una serie de 52 mujeres de edades comprendidas entre 20 y 81 años (edad media: 48,7 años, desviación típica: 14,4 años), remitidas para la realización de un estudio videourodinámico por presentar síntomas funcionales del tracto urinario inferior. Las pacientes se sometieron a una flujometría libre y un estudio videourodinámico de la fase miccional. A partir de los valores de la flujometría libre y la presión máxima del detrusor del test presión detrusor/ flujo miccional, durante el estudio urodinámicos fueron clasificadas según el nomograma de Blaivas y Groutz en una de sus cuatro categorías. De acuerdo con los datos videourodinámicos se clasificaron en tres categorías: ausencia de obstrucción, obstrucción a nivel del cuello vesical, y obstrucción a nivel de la uretra. Se contrastó los resultados del nomograma de Blaivas y Groutz con los datos videourodinámicos, utilizando como test estadístico la prueba de la chi-cuadrado de Pearson. También se determinó la sensibilidad y especificidad diagnóstica del nomograma. RESULTADOS: El nomograma de Blaivas y Groutz mostró una relación significativa con los datos videourodinámicos (p=0,000). Su sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de obstrucción fue del 100%, pero su especificidad fue sólo del 67,5 %. El porcentaje de discrepancias diagnósticas fue máximo en la categoría de obstrucción leve, donde sólo un tercio de las pacientes estaban obstruídas según los datos videourodinámicos. CONCLUSIONES: El nomograma de Blaivas y Groutz es un método sensible para el diagnóstico de obstrucción, pero es poco específico, por lo que tiende a sobrediagnosticar la presencia de obstrucción en el sexo femenino


OBJECTIVES: To compare the results of the Blaivas and Groutz nomogram in the diagnosis of female urinary obstruction with videourodynamic tests. METHODS: We performed a transverse study in a series of 52 female patients with ages between 20 and 81 years (mean age: 48.7 years; standard deviation: 14.4 years) and functional lower urinary tract symptoms referred for videourodynamic studies. All patients underwent free flowmetry and voiding videourodynamic study. From the scores of free flowmetry and maximum detrusor pressure in the detrusor pressure/voiding flow test of the urodynamic study they were classified in one of four categories following the Blaivas and Groutz nomogram. Following urodynamic data they were classified into three categories: absence of obstruction, bladder neck obstruction and urethral obstruction. The nomogram results were compared with the videourodynamic data using the Pearson chi-square statistical test. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the nomogram were also determined. RESULTS: The Blaivas and Groutz nomogram showed a significant association with the videourodynamic data (p = 0.000). Its diagnostic sensitivity for obstruction was 100%, but its specificity was only 67.5%. The percentage of diagnostic discrepancies was maximal in the mild obstruction, where one third of the patients were obstructed following the videourodynamic data. CONCLUSIONS: The Blaivas and Groutz nomogram is a sensitive method for the diagnosis of obstruction, but its specificity is low so that it has the tendency to overdiagnose the presence of obstruction in the female patient


Assuntos
Feminino , Adulto , Idoso , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Obstrução Ureteral/diagnóstico , Urodinâmica , Gravação em Vídeo , Estudos Transversais
6.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(5): 479-488, jun. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049030

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar desde el punto de vista neurourológico, la disfunción vesicouretral que presentan los pacientes nacidos con mielomeningocele (MMC), cuando alcanzan la edad adulta. MÉTODOS: Presentamos los resultados de la exploración física neurourológica y del estudio videourodinámico de 52 pacientes adultos nacidos con MMC, de edades comprendidas entre los 18 y 40 años (media de 20.7), controlados durante los últimos 14 años en la Unidad de Urodinámica del Hospital General Universitario “Gregorio Marañón” de Madrid. En todos ellos se determinó también el nivel neurológico de su lesión. Según estos resultados, establecemos el diagnóstico de la lesión de los tres elementos constitutivos de la inervación vesicouretral (simpático, parasimpático y pudendo), para posteriormente clasificar la disfunción neurógena del tracto urinario inferior de los pacientes, en base al nivel de la lesión y al tipo de inervación lesionada. RESULTADOS: La alteración en la sensibilidad perineal y la disminución del tono del esfínter anal, junto con la ausencia del control voluntario anal y del reflejo bulbocavernoso, fueron los hallazgos más frecuentes en la exploración neurourológica. El comportamiento del detrusor fue predominantemente arrefléxico (88.4%), asociándose a una acomodación vesical disminuida en la mitad de los casos. El sistema esfinteriano fue incompetente durante la fase de llenado en el 51.9%, siendo competente en el 42.3% y normal en el 5.7% restante. Durante la fase de vaciado comprobamos la ausencia de relajación del mismo en el 82.6%. Existió un predominio del nivel inferior, tanto en la lesión simpática como en la parasimpática y pudenda. En casi todos los pacientes (96.7%) existía lesión en al menos dos de estos tres tipos de inervación. La disfunción neurógena del tracto urinario inferior más frecuente fue la lesión múltiple pura tipo neurona motora inferior (65.3%), encontrándose también lesiones puras tipo neurona motora superior (3.8%), lesiones múltiples mixtas (9.6%) y lesión única pura (1.9%). Tres pacientes presentaron una función vesicouretral normal. CONCLUSIONES: Demostramos la multiplicidad de la disfunción neurógena del tracto urinario inferior en los pacientes adultos nacidos con MMC, la ocasional ausencia de la misma, su falta de correlación con el nivel neurológico de la lesión, y el predominio en éstos de la lesión múltiple pura tipo neurona motora inferior


OBJECTIVES: To characterize the neurourological features of the vesicourethral dysfunction of patients with cogenital myelomeningocele when they reach the adult age. METHODS: We report the results of the neurourological physical examination and video urodynamic tests of 52 adult patients born with myelomeningocele, with ages ranging from 18 to 14 years (mean age 20.7) controlled over the last 14 years in the Urodynamics Unit of the Hospital Gregorio Marañon in Madrid. The neurological level of the lesion was evaluated in all of them. Following these results we established the diagnosis of the lesion of the three constitutive elements of the vesicourethral innervation (sympathetic, parasympathetic, and pudendal) in order to classify the lower urinary tract neurogenic dysfunction of the patients based on lesion level and type of damaged innervation. RESULTS: The alteration of the perineal sensitivity and diminishment of the anal sphincter tone, in addition to absence of anal voluntary controlled and bulbocavernosus reflex, where the most frequent findings in the neurourological physical examination. Detrusor behaviour was predominantly areflexic (88.4%), in association with diminished bladder compliance in half of the cases. The sphincter was not competent during the filling phase in 51.9% of the cases, competent in 42.3%, and normal in the remainder 5.7%. During the voiding phase we confirmed the absence of sphincter relaxation in 82.6% of the cases. There was a predominance of the lower level of lesion in all three sympathetic, parasympathetic and pudendal nerves. In almost all patients (96.7%) there was lesion in at least two of the three types of innervation. The most frequent neurogenic dysfunction of the lower urinary tract was the multiple inferior motor neuron pure lesion (65.3%), also finding pure superior motor neuron (3.8%), mixed multiple (9.6%), and pure single lesions (1.9%). Three patients presented a normal vesicourethral function. CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated the multiplicity of lower urinary tract neurogenic dysfunction in adult patients with congenital myelomeningocele, its occasional absence, the lack of correlation with the neurological level of the lesion, and the predominance of the multiple inferior motor neuron pure type of lesion


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Adolescente , Humanos , Meningomielocele/complicações , Sistema Nervoso/fisiopatologia , Doenças Uretrais/etiologia , Doenças Uretrais/fisiopatologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/etiologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica
7.
Arch Esp Urol ; 58(7): 641-9, 2005 Sep.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16294786

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of a series of adult males with BPH and bladder diverticula, and to analyze the changes in urodynamics in patients undergoing lower urinary tract surgery to relieve obstruction, with or without associated diverticulectomy. METHODS: We studied 91 patients in two groups: Group 1- BPH: 67 cases (73.6%) and Group 2-BPH + diverticulum: 24 cases (25%). Mean age was 65.04 years. All patients underwent urological physical examination and complete urodynamic study including cystogram. In addition, we studied 19 patients with BPH and bladder diverticula (mean age 64.58 years) who underwent either endoscopic surgery (1 I cases; 57.9%) or endoscopic surgery plus diverticulectomy (8 cases, 42. 1%). Complete clinical study and urodynamics (including cystogram) were performed preoperative and three months after surgery. Statistical significance was established at 0.05. RESULTS: Comparative study between group 1 (BPH) and group 2 (BPH with diverticulum): there were significant differences in clinical data: acute urinary retention (6.1% vs. 25%;p<0.01), and urinary tract infection (3.1% vs. 21.7%;p=0,004). All evaluated cases had single diverticula (8 cases). Urodynamic studies showed: 1) Post-void residual after free flowmetry: 45.9 ml vs. 221.4 ml, p = 0.008. 2) Bladder capacity on cystometrogram: 211.2 ml vs. 350.8 ml, p = 0.024. 3) Voiding pressure/flow study: a) Voiding with abdominal press 23.9% vs. 50%, p = 0.02. b) URA 36.5 cm H2O vs. 48.5 cm H2O, p= 0.04, c) post void residual 70.7ml vs. 210.3 ml, p= 0.004. d) Bladder contractility measurements (Wmax- isometric contractility- and W80, W20- isotonic contractility) did not show significant differences between groups. Bladder contractility duration was significantly decreased in group 2. In the analysis of patients undergoing surgery to relieve obstruction (Group A- Surgery without diverticulectomy; Group B Surgery with diverticulectomy) there were not differences between groups in clinical data. Urethral resistance parameters (URA) decreased in both groups. Group A: from 43 cm H20 to 26.3 cm H2O. Group B: from 60.6 cm H2O to 48 cm H2O. This decrease was similar after either TURP or myocapsulotomy. Post void residual diminished in both groups. There were no statistical differences between groups in Wmax, W 80-20, or volume, number and site of the diverticula. On the contrary, bladder contractility duration diminished after diverticulectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Bladder diverticula appear in the cases with highest ureteral resistance values (lower urinary tract obstruction). Standard bladder contractility parameters were not diminished. Duration of detrusor contraction was the only contractility parameter significantly affected in cases of bladder diverticula and presented a significant association with the use of abdominal press while voiding. Diverticulectomy showed an improvement of bladder contractility with longer detrusor contraction duration, which supports its use in cases of BPH-associated diverticula. Both TURP and transurethral incision of the prostate diminished urethral resistance in a similar way, so that they may be considered alternative options. Our data should be confirmed with a bigger sample size.


Assuntos
Divertículo/fisiopatologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica , Idoso , Divertículo/complicações , Divertículo/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/complicações , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia
8.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(7): 641-649, sept. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-042049

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Valorar las características clínicas y urodinámicas de una serie de varones adultos con HBP y divertículos vesicales y analizar los cambios urodinámicos en pacientes sometidos a desobstrucción del tracto urinario inferior con o sin diverticulectomía asociada. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 91 pacientes en 2 grupos: Grupo 1 con HBP: 67 casos (73.6%) y grupo 2 conHiperplasia Benigna de Próstata (HBP) + divertículo: 24 casos ( 25%). La edad media fue de 65.04 años. A todos ellos se les sometió a exploración física urológica y estudio urodinámico completo, incluyendo cistografías. Por otro lado, se estudiaron 19 pacientes con HBP y divertículos vesicales, (edad media de 64.58 años), a los que se sometió a cirugía endoscópica desobstructiva (11 casos; 57.9%), y cirugía endoscópica desobstructiva con diverticulectomía (8 casos, 42.1%). Se realizó un estudio clínico y urodinámico completo (incluyendo cistografías), preoperatorio, y transcurridos 3meses de la cirugía. La probabilidad de los diferentes análisis estadísticos cualitativos y cuantitativos se consideró significativa por debajo de 0.05. RESULTADOS: Estudio comparativo HPB (grupo 1) vs HPB+divertículo (grupo 2): Existieron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en los datos clínicos referentes a: retención aguda de orina (RAO): (HPB: 6.1%; HPB+divertículo: 25% p< 0.01), e infecciones urinarias (HPB:3.1%; HPB+divertículo: 21.7%; p = 0.004). Las características de los divertículos correspondieron a divertículos únicos en todos los casos valorados (8 casos). Los estudios urodinámicos demostraron como datos significativos: 1). residuo postmiccional de la flujometría libre (p= 0.008), 45.9 ml para grupo 1 y 221.4 ml para grupo 2. 2). Capacidad vesical de la cistomanometría (p= 0.024) 211.2 ml para grupo 1 y 350.8 ml para grupo 2. 3). Parámetros del test presión detrusor/ flujo miccional: a) micción con prensa abdominal(p= 0.02), 23.9% para grupo 1 y 50% en el grupo 2, b) URA (p= 0.04) 36.5 cm H2O para grupo1 , y 48.5 cm H2O para grupo 2, c) residuo postmiccional ( p= 0.004) 70.7 ml para grupo 1 y 210.3 ml para grupo 2. d) las medidas habituales de la contractilidad vesical ( Wmax: contractilidad isométrica y W80 - W20: contractilidad isotónica) no mostraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos. Por el contrario, la duración de la contractilidad vesical se encontró disminuída significativamente en el grupo 2. En el grupo de pacientes sometidos a desobstrucción (grupo A) y desobstrucción con diverticulectomia (grupo B), no se demostraron diferencias significativas en losdatos clínicos entre ambos grupos. Los parámetros de resistencia uretral (URA) disminuyeron en ambos grupos. En el grupo A, de 43 cm. de H2O a 26.3 cm H20. En el grupo B, de 60.6 cm. H2O a 48 cm. H2O. Esta disminución fue similar en los casos sometidos a RTUp y Miocapsulotomía (MC). El residuo postmiccional de la flujometría libre y del estudio presión/flujo disminuyó en ambos grupos. No se demostraron diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en los parámetros Wmax y W80-20, así como lo relativo al volumen, número y localización de los divertículos. Por el contrario, la duración de la contractilidad vesical aumentó postdiverticulectomía. CONCLUSIONES Los divertículos vesicales se presentaron en los casos con valores más altos de resistencia uretral (obstrucción del tracto urinario inferior). Los parámetros de medida habituales de contractilidad vesical (Wmax y W80-W20), no estaban disminuidos. El único parámetro significativo de contractilidad afectado en los casos de divertículos vesicales, fue la duración de la contracción del detrusor (medido por el residuo postmiccional , en el test presión detrusor/ flujo miccional), y que presentó asociación significativa con la micción con prensa abdominal). La diverticulectomíademostró la mejoría de la contractilidad vesical con una mayor duración de la contracción del detrusor, lo que apoyaría su realización en los casos de divertículos vesicales asociados a HBP. En la cirugía endoscópica desobstructiva prostática asociada, la RTUp y MC disminuyeron similarmente la resistencia uretral, con lo que se pueden considerar técnicas alternativas.Nuestros datos deberían ser contrastados con un mayor tamaño de la muestra


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of a series of adult males with BPH and bladder diverticula, and to analyze the changes in urodynamics in patients ndergoing lower urinary tract surgery to relieve obstruction, with or without associated diverticulectomy. METHODS: We studied 91 patients in two groups: Group 1- BPH: 67 cases (73.6%) and Group 2-BPH + diverticulum: 24 cases (25%). Mean age was 65.04 years. All patients underwent urological physical examination and complete urodynamic study including cystogram. In addition, we studied 19 patients with BPH and bladder diverticula (mean age 64.58 years) who underwent either endoscopic surgery (11 cases; 57.9%) or endoscopic surgery plus diverticulectomy (8 cases, 42.1%). Complete clinical study and urodynamics (including cystogram) were performed preoperative and three months after surgery. Statistical significance was established at 0.05. RESULTS: Comparative study between group 1(BPH) and group 2 (BPH with diverticulum): there were significant differences in clinical data: acute urinary retention (6.1% vs. 25%;p<0.01), and urinary tract infection (3.1% vs. 21.7%;p=0,004). All evaluated cases had single diverticula(8 cases). Urodynamic studies showed: 1) Post-void residual after free flowmetry: 45.9 ml vs. 221.4 ml, p = 0.008. 2) Bladder capacity on cystometrogram: 211.2 ml vs. 350.8 ml, p = 0.024. 3) Voiding pressure/flow study: a) Voiding with abdominal press 23.9% vs. 50%, p = 0.02. b) URA 36.5 cm H2O vs. 48.5 cm H2O, p= 0.04, c) post void residual 70.7ml vs. 210.3 ml, p= 0.004. d) Bladder contractility measurements (Wmax- isometric contractility- and W 80, W20— isotonic contractility) did not show significant differences between groups. Bladder contractility duration was significantly decreased in group 2. In the analysis of patients undergoing surgery to relieve obstruction (Group A- Surgery without diverticulectomy; Group B Surgery with diverticulectomy) there were not differences between groups in clinical data. Urethral resistance parameters (URA) decreased in both groups. Group A: from 43 cm H2O to 26.3 cm H2O. Group B: from 60.6 cm H2O to 48 cm H2O. This decrease was similar after either TURP or myocapsulotomy. Post void residual diminished in both groups. There were no statistical differences between groups in Wmax, W 80-20, or volume, number and site of the diverticula. On the contrary, bladder contractility duration diminished after diverticulectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Bladder diverticula appear in the cases with highest ureteral resistance values (lower urinary tract obstruction). Standard bladder contractility parameters were not diminished. Duration of detrusor contraction was the only contractility parameter significantly affected in cases of bladder diverticula and presented a significant association with the use of abdominal press while voiding


Assuntos
Masculino , Idoso , Humanos , Divertículo/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Divertículo/complicações , Divertículo/cirurgia , Hiperplasia Prostática/complicações , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/complicações , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/cirurgia
9.
Arch Esp Urol ; 58(4): 309-15, 2005 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15989094

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of a series of women with lower urinary tract symptoms (bladder filling phase) presenting various rates of cystocele. METHODS: 119 female patients were included in this study; mean age was 55.8 yr. (range 15-87). All patients underwent urogynecologic physical examination (cystocele was graded 0-3) and complete urodynamic study. Urodynamic terminology and measurements comply with the ICS (InternationaL Continence Society) standards. Statistical significance was established below 0.05. Quantitative variables were compared by the Student's t and non parametric variables by Pearson's chi-square. RESULTS: The most frequently reported symptom was urinary incontinence when coughing (77/118, 65.3%), followed by urge incontinence (71 patients, 60.2%). The grade of cystocele was 0 in 31.1%, 1 in 25.2%, and 2 in 26.1%, and 3 in 17.6%. There was a statistically significant association between grade of cystocele and the symptom "vaginal bulge" (p=0.00002). The presence of cystocele did not show any statistical association with lower urinary tract symptoms of the filling phase. Mean cystomanometric bladder capacity was 224.8 ml. Involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle appeared in 38 cases (21.9%), stress urinary incontinence in 19 (16%), mixed incontinence in 8 (6.7%) and absence of evidence of urinary incontinence in 58 (48.7%). Patients with urgency had a lower bladder capacity than patients without it (p = 0.02), as did patients with urge incontinence (p = 0.02). Nocturia (p = 0.05), urgency (p = 0.02) and urge incontinence (p = 0.01) were significantly associated to bladder capacity. The existence of involuntary contractions was statistically associated with urge incontinence (p = 0.01). Patients with involuntary contractions during the filling phase showed increased diurnal voiding frequency (p = 0.02), as well as patients without a stress urinary incontinence (p = 0.04) and cases without a stress urinary incontinence (p = 0.04). The symptom incontinence with coughing had a significant statistical association with the urodynamic diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence (p= 0.01). Bladder capacity was augmented in grade 3 cystocele (p = 0.003). The existence of cystocele was not associated with bladder hyperactivity (p = 0.65), neither was the diagnosis of a stress urinary incontinence (p = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS: No relationship has been demonstrated between existence and degree of cystocele and functional lower urinary tract symptoms of the filling phase, on the one hand, and urodynamic evidence of bladder hyperactivity and incontinence on the other hand. This could have important therapeutic implications.


Assuntos
Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
10.
Arch Esp Urol ; 58(4): 316-23, 2005 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15989095

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic features of a series of women with post void residual urine (disbalanced voiding) and various degrees of associated cystocele. METHODS: 119 female patients were studied by clinical evaluation, urodynamics, and imaging tests (VCUG). All patients underwent history and genitourological examination (evaluating cystoceles from grade o to 3), neuro-urological examination, and complete urodynamic study. Fifty patients (42%) underwent radiological studies of the upper urinary tract. Disbalanced voiding was defined as existence of post void residual greater than 20% of the voided volume. Urethral resistance was measured by URA. Structural obstruction was characterized by PURR (CHESS classification). Functional obstruction was studied by DURR and perineal EMG (associated with flowmetry). Detrusor contractile power was evaluated by W max, W 80-20, and duration of contraction. Urodynamic terminology and measurements complied with the International Continence Society (ICS) standards. Statistical significance was established at 0.05. Statistical analysis was done by Student's t for quantitative variables, and Pearson's chi-square for non parametric variables. RESULTS: 119 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 55.84 yr. (range 15-87). Regarding post void residual (114 valid uroflowmetry studies), 25 patients were classified as voiding disbalance (21.9%) and 89 as balanced (74.8%). Regarding clinical data, there were only significant differences between groups in voiding difficulty. For uroflowmetry, only the percentile of the Maximal flow (Qmax) showed significant differences (35 vs. 22 for balanced/disbalanced voiding respectively, p = 0.02). Pressure/volume studies demonstrated bladder hyperactivity in 16 cases (64%) in the group of disbalanced voiding and 31 cases (34.8%) in the normal voiding group (p = 0.008), which presented associated with increased urethral resistance (URA)(p = 0.01) . In the pressure/flow study, there were significant differences in the URA (14.7 vs. 25.3, p = 0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the degree of constrictive (0.5 vs. 1.1, p = 0.009) and compressive (0.5 vs. 1.1; p = 0.04) obstruction (Chess classification). There were not significant differences in the analysis of isometric contractility (Wmax), but there were in the isotonic contractility (W80-20) and detrusor contraction duration. These latter differences presented significant association with the degree of cystocele. DURR and perineal EMG data did not show differences between groups. Radiological abnormalities of urethral morphology were statistically different between groups, presenting in 10% of the patients with normal voiding and 50% of the disbalanced voiding group, although there was not statistical association with obstruction (p = 0.64). The existence of cystocele did not show a statistical association with these variables either. CONCLUSIONS: Disbalanced voiding appeared with organic obstruction of the lower urinary tract (constrictive most significantly), as well as detrusor abnormal contractility, but whereas the first was not significantly associated with presence and grade of cystocele, the second showed such association.


Assuntos
Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia , Micção , Urodinâmica , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
11.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 309-315, mayo 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039247

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Valorar las características clínicas y urodinámicas de una serie de mujeres con sintomatologíadel tracto urinario inferior (de la fase de llenadovesical) y que presentaban diversos grados de cistocele. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 119 pacientes de sexo femenino, siendo la edad media de las mismas de 55,8 años (rango 15-87). A todas ellas se les sometió a exploración física uroginecológica (valorando el grado de cistocele ,al valsalva, de 0 a 3), y estudio urodinámico completo. La terminología urodinámica y medidas siguieron las normas de la International Continence Society (ICS). La probabilidad de los diferentes análisis estadísticos se consideró significativa por debajo de 0.05, analizándose las variables cuantitativas mediante el test de la T de Student y las variables no paramétricas, mediante la chi cuadrado de Pearson. RESULTADOS: El síntoma mas frecuentemente referido fue la incontinencia urinaria con la tos (77 de 118, 65,3%), seguido de la incontinencia precedida de urgencia miccional (71 pacientes, 60,2%). El grado de cistocele fue 0 en el 31,1%, 1 en el 25,2%, 2 en el 26,1%, y 3 en el 17,6%. Se observó relación estadísticaentre grado de cistocele y el síntoma “bulto en vagina”(p=0,00002). La presencia de cistocele no presentórelación estadística alguna con los síntomas funcionalesde almacenamiento del tracto urinario inferior.La capacidad vesical cistomanométrica tuvo un promediode 224,8 ml. Se demostraron contracciones involuntariasdel detrusor en 38 casos (31,9%), incontinenciaurinaria de esfuerzo en 19 (16%), mixta en 8 (6,7%) y no demostración de incontinencia urinaria en 58 casos (48,7%). Las pacientes con urgencia miccional tuvieron una capacidad vesical menor que aquellas sin este síntoma (p=0,02), al igual que las pacientes con el síntoma urgencia incontinencia (p=0,01). Se relacionó significativamente la nicturia (p=0,005), la urgencia miccional (p=0,02) y la urgencia incontinencia (p=0,01) con la disminución de la capacidad vesical. Se relacionó estadísticamente la existencia de contracciones involuntarias con el síntoma urgencia incontinencia(p=0,01). Las pacientes con contraccionesinvoluntarias en el llenado presentaron un incrementode la frecuencia miccional diurna (p=0,02), así comoen el caso de ausencia de incontinencia urinaria deesfuerzo (p=0,04). El síntoma incontinencia a la tos serelacionó significativamente (p=0,01) con el diagnósticourodinámico de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo.La capacidad vesical se encontró aumentada en el cistocele grado 3 (p=0,003). La presencia de cistoceleno se relacionó con la hiperactividad vesical (p=0,65),al igual que el diagnóstico de incontinencia urinaria deesfuerzo (p=0,37). CONCLUSIONES: No se ha demostrado ninguna relación entre la presencia y grado de cistocele por una parte, y los síntomas funcionales del tracto urinario inferior de almacenamiento, y datos urodinámicos de hiperactividad vesical y de incontinencia de esfuerzo, por otra parte. Esto tendría importantes implicaciones terapéuticas


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of a series of women with lower urinary tract symptoms (bladder filling phase) presenting various rates of cystocele. METHODS: 119 female patients were included in this study; mean age was 55.8 yr. (range 15-87). All patients underwent urogynecologic physical examination (cystocele was graded 0-3) and complete urodynamic study. Urodynamic terminology and measurements comply with the ICS (InternationaL Continence Society) standards. Statistical significance was established below 0.05. Quantitative variables were compared by the Student’s t and non parametric variables by Pearson`s chi-square. RESULTS: The most frequently reported symptom was urinary incontinence when coughing (77/118, 65.3%), followed by urge incontinence (71 patients, 60.2%). The grade of cystocele was 0 in 31.1%, 1 in 25.2%, and 2 in 26.1%, and 3 in 17.6%. There was a statistically significant association between grade of cystocele and the symptom “vaginal bulge” (p=0,00002). The presence of cystocele did not show any statistical association with lower urinary tract symptoms of the filling phase. Mean cystomanometric bladder capacity was 224.8 ml. Involuntary contractions of the detrusor muscle appeared in 38 cases (21.9%), stress urinary incontinence in 19 (16%), mixed incontinence in 8 (6.7%) and absence of evidence of urinary incontinence in 58 (48.7%). Patients with urgency had a lower bladder capacity than patients without it (p = 0.02), as did patients with urge incontinence (p = 0.02). Nocturia (p = 0.05), urgency (p = 0.02) and urge incontinence (p = 0.01) were significantly associated to bladder capacity. The existence of involuntary contractions was statistically associated with urge incontinence (p = 0.01). Patients with involuntary contractions during the filling phase showed increased diurnal voiding frequency (p = 0.02), as well as patients without a stress urinary incontinence (p =0.04) and cases without a stress urinary incontinence (p = 0.04). The symptom incontinence with coughing had a significant statistical association with the urodynamic diagnosis of stress urinary incontinence (p= 0.01). Bladder capacity was augmented in grade 3 cystocele (p= 0.003). The existence of cystocele was not associated with bladder hyperactivity (p = 0.65), neither was the diagnosis of a stress urinary incontinence (p = 0.37). CONCLUSIONS: No relationship has been demonstrated between existence and degree of cystocele and functional lower urinary tract symptoms of the filling phase, on the one hand, and urodynamic evidence of bladder hyperactivity and incontinence on the other hand. This could have important therapeutic implications


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Sistema Urinário/patologia , Urodinâmica , Incontinência Urinária/patologia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/epidemiologia , Transtornos Urinários
12.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(4): 316-323, mayo 2005. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039256

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Valorar las características clínicasy urodinámicas de una serie de mujeres con residuopostmiccional (micción descompensada) y diferentesgrados de cistocele asociado.MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron 119 pacientes de sexofemenino mediante evaluación clínica, urodinámica, yradiológica (cistouretrografías). Todas las pacientes fueronsometidas a historia clínica, exploración física uroginecológica(valorando el cistocele, al vasalva, degrado 0 a grado 3), exploración física neurourológicay estudio urodinámico completo. A 50 pacientes(42%), se les realizó estudio radiológico del tracto urinarioinferior (TUI). Se consideró micción descompensada(MD), la existencia de un residuo postmiccional(RP) mayor del 20% del volumen miccional. La resistenciauretral se midió mediante el URA. La tipificación dela obstrucción estructural se realizó mediante el PURR(clasificación CHESS). El estudio de la obstrucción funcionalse realizó mediante el DURR y la EMG perineal(asociada a la flujometría libre). La potencia contráctildel detrusor se valoró mediante el Wmax, W80-20 yduración de la contracción del detrusor. La terminologíaurodinámica y medidas siguieron las normas de laInternational Continence Society, ICS. La probabilidadde los diferentes análisis estadísticos se consideró significativapor debajo de 0.05, analizándose las variablescuantitativas mediante el test de la T de Student, ylas variables no paramétricas mediante la chi cuadradode Pearson.RESULTADOS: La edad media de las pacientes (119),fue de 55.84 años (rango 15-87). En relación con elRP (114 flujometrías valorables), fueron etiquetadas deMD, 25 pacientes (21.9%) y compensada (MC), 89(74.8%). Respecto a los datos clínicos, solo existierondiferencias significativas (DS) entre ambos grupos en ladificultad miccional. En los datos flujométricos, existierontan solo DS en el percentil (nomogramas deHaylen), del Qmax (35 MC vs 22, MD; p=0,02). Enla cistomanometría, se demostró hiperactividad vesicalen la MD en 16 casos (64%) frente a 31 casos (34,8%)en la MC (p=0,008), que presentó relación con incrementode la resistencia uretral (URA) p=0,01. En el estudioP/F, se demostró DS en el valor del URA (14.7 MCvs 25.3 MD; p=0,001). Existieron DS en los grados deobstrucción constrictiva (0.5 MC vs 1.1 MD; p=0,009)y compresiva (0.02 MC vs 0.4 MD; p=0,04)(clasificaciónCHESS). Estos datos no presentaron relaciónsignificativa con el grado de cistocele. No existieronDS en los análisis de contractilidad isométrica (Wmax),pero sí en la contractilidad isotónica (W80-20) y duraciónde la contracción del detrusor. Estas últimas diferenciassi presentaron relación significativa con elgrado de cistocele. Los datos de DURR y EMG perineposalno arrojaron DS entre ambos grupos. Las alteracionesde la morfología uretral radiológica fueron estadísticamentediferentes entre ambos grupos estandopresente en el 10% de la MC vs 50% de la MD(p=0,01), aunque no presentó relación estadística(p=0,64), con la obstrucción. La presencia de cistocele,así mismo, no modificó estadísticamente ninguno detodos los datos anteriores.CONCLUSIONES: La micción descompensada, acompañótanto a la obstrucción orgánica (más significativamenteconstrictiva) del tracto urinario inferior, como ala afectación contráctil del detrusor, pero, mientras queen la primera condición no se relacionó significativamentecon la presencia y grado de cistocele, en lasegunda si se demostró dicha asociación


OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic features of a series of women with post void residual urine (disbalanced voiding ) and various degrees of associated cystocele. METHODS: 119 female patients were studied by clinical evaluation, urodynamics, and imaging tests (VCUG). All patients underwent history and genitourological examination (evaluating cystoceles from grade 0 to 3), neuro-urological examination, and complete urodynamic study. Fifty patients (42%) underwent radiological studies of the upper urinary tract. Disbalanced voiding was defined as existence of post void residual greater than 20% of the voided volume. Urethral resistance was measured by URA. Structural obstruction was characterized by PURR (CHESS classification). Functional obstruction was studied by DURR and perineal EMG (associated with flowmetry). Detrusor contractile power was evaluated by W max, W 80-20, and duration of contraction. Urodynamic terminology and measurements complied with the International Continence Society (ICS) standards. Statistical significance was established at 0.05. Statistical analysis was done by Student’s t for quantitative variables , and Pearson`s chi-square for non parametric variables. RESULTS: 119 patients were enrolled. Mean age was 55.84 yr. (range 15-87). Regarding post void residual (114 valid uroflowmetry studies), 25 patients were classified as voiding disbalance (21.9%) and 89 as balanced (74.8%). Regarding clinical data, there were only significant differences between groups in voiding difficulty. For uroflowmetry, only the percentile of the Maximal flow (Qmax) showed significant differences (35 vs. 22 for balanced/disbalanced voiding respectively, p = 0.02). Pressure/volume studies demonstrated bladder hyperactivity in 16 cases (64%) in the group of disbalanced voiding and 31 cases (34.8%) in the normal voiding group (p = 0.008), which presented associated with increased urethral resistance (URA)(p = 0.01) . In the pressure/flow study, there were significant differences in the URA (14.7 vs. 25.3, p = 0,001). There were statistically significant differences in the degree of constrictive (0.5 vs. 1.1, p = 0.009) and compressive (0.5 vs. 1.1; p = 0.04) obstruction (Chess classification). There were not significant differences in the analysis of isometric contractility (Wmax), but there were in the isotonic contractility (W80-20) and detrusor contraction duration. These latter differences presented significant association with the degree of cystocele. DURR and perineal EMG data did not show differences between groups. Radiological abnormalities of urethral morphology were statistically different between groups, presenting in 10% of the patients with normal voiding and 50% of the disbalanced voiding group, although there was not statistical association with obstruction (p = 0.64) . The existence of cystocele did not show a statistical association with these variables either. CONCLUSIONS: Disbalanced voiding appeared with organic obstruction of the lower urinary tract (constrictive most significantly), as well as detrusor abnormal contractility, but whereas the first was not significantly associated with presence and grade of cystocele, the second showed such association


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Doenças Urológicas/diagnóstico , Doenças Urológicas/fisiopatologia , Urodinâmica , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/classificação , Micção
13.
Arch Esp Urol ; 56(8): 899-914, 2003 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-14639846

RESUMO

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: to investigate the usefulness of cuff flowmetry for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction in males. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: 1) To investigate the relationship between isovolumetric pressure (Piso) and bladder contractility. 2) To investigate the relationship between the type of flow curves obtained by this method and the type of lower urinary tract obstruction, and previous history of prostate surgery. METHODS: We perform a cohort study in a series of 93 consecutive males (mean age 54.1 yr.) referred with functional lower urinary tract symptoms. They were interviewed about history of prostatic surgery, and they underwent isovolumetric pressure measurements (Piso), and corresponding flow (Qiso) by means of cuff flowmetry. From these parameters we calculated the Riso parameter, defined as Piso/(Qiso)2. A conventional pressure/flow study was performed afterwards, with computer calculation of urethral resistance parameters--footpoint and PURR curvature--, and the bladder contractility parameter Wmax. RESULTS: The diagnostic efficiency curve for the Riso parameter showed that the ideal cutpoint corresponded to a value of 1.29 cm H2O/(ml/sec)2. For this value the sensitivity for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction was lower than 78% and specificity was 73%. We elaborated a nomogram for the relationship between Piso and Qiso using a logistic regression model. This nomogram was divided in three areas (obstructive, equivocal, and not obstructive). If patients within the equivocal area (9.7% of the sample) were excluded, then the nomogram had a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 73% for the diagnosis of obstruction. We observed a significant association between flow curves with an absent initial peak morphology and obstruction of the constrictive type. No relationship was demonstrated between history of prostate surgery and type of curve. CONCLUSIONS: Cuff flowmetry has an acceptable sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction. However, our study did not demonstrate its usefulness for the determination of the detrusor contractile capacity. Piso and Qiso parameters would be urethral resistance parameters.


Assuntos
Fluxômetros , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico , Idoso , Estudos Transversais , Desenho de Equipamento , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Contração Muscular , Músculo Liso/fisiopatologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/fisiopatologia , Pressão , Prostatectomia , Reologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária/fisiopatologia
14.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(8): 899-914, oct. 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-25119

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Objetivo principal: Investigar la utilidad diagnóstica de la flujometría con manguito para la obstrucción del tracto urinario inferior en el varón. Objetivos secundarios: 1). Investigar la relación entre la presión isovolumétrica (Piso) y la contractilidad vesical.2). Investigar la relación entre los tipos de curvas de flujo obtenidas con este método, con el tipo de obstrucción del tracto urinario inferior y los antecedentes de cirugía prostática. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de corte en una serie consecutiva de 93 varones, de edad media 54,1 años, remitidos por presentar síntomas funcionales del tracto urinario inferior. Los pacientes fueron interrogados sobre los antecedentes de cirugía prostática, y sometidos a la medida de la presión isovolumétrica (Piso), y su correspondiente flujo (Qiso) mediante el método de la flujometría con manguito. A partir de estos parámetros, se calculó el parámetro Riso, definido como Piso/(Qiso)2. A continuación se realizo un estudio de presión/flujo convencional, calculándose informáticamente los parámetros de resistencia uretral "footpoint" y curvatura de la PURR, y el parámetro de contractilidad vesical Wmax. RESULTADOS: La curva de rendimiento diagnóstico del parámetro Riso demostró que el punto de corte ideal correspondió a un valor de 1.29 cm H2O/(ml/s)2. Con este valor, su sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de obstrucción del tracto urinario inferior fue del 78 por ciento y su especificidad del 77 por ciento. Se elaboró un nomograma relacionando la Piso con la Qiso, utilizando un modelo de regresión logística. Este nomograma se dividió en tres áreas (obstruido, equívoca y no obstruido). Si se excluyen los pacientes situados en la zona equivoca (un 9,7 por ciento de la muestra), el nomograma presentó una sensibilidad para el diagnóstico de obstrucción del 84 por ciento, y una especificidad del 73 por ciento. Se observó una asociación significativa entre las curvas de flujo con una morfología sin pico inicial y obstrucción del tipo constrictivo. No se demostró relación entre el antecedente de cirugía prostática y el tipo de curva. CONCLUSIONES: La flujometría con manguito es un método con una aceptable sensibilidad y especificidad para el diagnóstico de obstrucción del tracto urinario inferior. Sin embargo, en nuestro estudio, no se demostró su utilidad para determinar la capacidad contráctil del detrusor. Los parámetros Piso y Qiso serían parámetros de resistencia uretral (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Masculino , Humanos , Fluxômetros , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Contração Muscular , Músculo Liso , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Reologia , Prostatectomia , Pressão , Estudos Transversais , Desenho de Equipamento , Obstrução do Colo da Bexiga Urinária
15.
Arch Esp Urol ; 56(4): 385-400, 2003 May.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12830611

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effect of injury of the sympathetic element of vesico-urethral innervation on lower urinary tract. METHODS: We studied clinical, urodynamic, and radiological features in a sample of 261 patients studied because of neurogenic vesico-urethral dysfunction. Three types of inferior sympathetic lesions were established based on urodynamic and radiologic behaviors. We studied relationships between this kind of lesions and clinical, urodynamic, and radiological features, as well as the association of lower sympathetic lesions with the rest of vesicourethral innervation elements. Results were analyzed by logistic regression, and linear multivariate regression, controlling for urodynamic factors, age, sex, and different neurological diagnosis. RESULTS: 95 patients were diagnosed of lower sympathetic lesions. This type of lesions were observed in relation to congenital pathology, being more frequent in boys. These lesions were related with urinary incontinence and vesicoureteral reflux. Lesions producing bladder dynamics disturbances had a higher location than those responsible for bladder neck incompetence development. CONCLUSIONS: Vesicourethral sympathetic innervation lesion of the lower motor neuron type is related to urinary incontinence and vesicoureteral reflux, being bladder neck complex incompetence a determinant factor in both circumstances. This kind of lesions could be a group of different types, with location in different parts of the central and peripheral nervous system that produce very different vesicourethral behaviors.


Assuntos
Sistema Nervoso Simpático/fisiopatologia , Uretra/inervação , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/fisiopatologia , Bexiga Urinária/inervação , Incontinência Urinária/fisiopatologia , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/fisiopatologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eletromiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neurônios Motores/fisiologia , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático/fisiopatologia , Nervos Periféricos/fisiopatologia , Radiografia , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/complicações , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Sistema Nervoso Simpático/lesões , Bexiga Urinária/diagnóstico por imagem , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica/diagnóstico por imagem , Incontinência Urinária/diagnóstico por imagem , Urodinâmica , Refluxo Vesicoureteral/diagnóstico por imagem , Gravação de Videoteipe
16.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 56(4): 385-400, mayo 2003.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-21676

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Analizar el efecto de la lesión del elemento simpático de la inervación vesicouretral, en el tracto urinario inferior. MÉTODOS: Se estudiaron las características clínicas, urodinámicas y radiológicas en una muestra de 261 pacientes estudiados por disfunción vesicouretral neurógena. De acuerdo con el comportamiento urodinámico y radiológico, se establecieron 3 tipos de lesión inferior simpática (I,II y III). Se estudió la relación de este tipo de lesiones con factores clínicos, urodinámicos y radiológicos, así como la asociación de la lesión simpática inferior, con el resto de elementos de la inervación vesicouretral. Los resultados se analizaron mediante regresión logística y lineal multivariante, controlando los factores urodinámicos, la edad, el sexo y los diferentes diagnósticos neurourológicos. RESULTADOS: Se diagnóstico de lesión inferior del simpático a 95 pacientes. Este tipo de lesiones se observaron en relación con patología congénita, siendo más frecuente en los niños. Este tipo de lesiones, se relacionaron con la incontinencia urinaria y el reflujo vesicoureteral.Las lesiones que produjeron alteraciones dinámicas vesicales, fueron de localización más alta que las responsables de la producción de incompetencia del cuello vesical. CONCLUSIONES: La lesión simpática tipo neurona motora inferior, de la inervación vesicouretral, se relaciona con la incontinencia urinaria y el reflujo vesicoureteral, siendo un factor determinante de ambas circunstancias, la incompetencia del complejo del cuello vesical. Este tipo de lesiones podría ser un conjunto de tipos diferentes, que se localizan en diferentes zonas del sistema nervioso central y periférico y que originan comportamientos vesicouretrales muy diferentes (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Adulto , Adolescente , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Idoso , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Traumatismos da Medula Espinal , Urodinâmica , Uretra , Refluxo Vesicoureteral , Incontinência Urinária , Sistema Nervoso Simpático , Gravação de Videoteipe , Neurônios Motores , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático , Nervos Periféricos , Eletromiografia , Sistema Nervoso Parassimpático , Bexiga Urinaria Neurogênica , Bexiga Urinária
17.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 53(4): 349-354, mayo 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-1295

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Determinar si la menopausia aumenta el riesgo de padecer hiperactividad vesical o incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo.MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio de casos y controles en una serie de 111 mujeres, divididas en una muestra de 57 casos de mujeres con hiperactividad vesical y 54 controles (sin hiperactividad) y en otra muestra de 55 casos de mujeres con incontinencia de esfuerzo y 55 controles (sin incontinencia de esfuerzo). Los resultados se analizaron mediante regresión logística multivariante controlando el efecto de la edad.RESULTADOS: Se encontró una relación de la edad y la menopausia con el riesgo de padecer incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo. No se observó relación entre la hiperactividad vesical y la edad o la menopausia. La edad demostró actuar como un factor de interacción negativo de la menopausia, respecto al riesgo de padecer incontinencia de esfuerzo. CONCLUSIONES: El riesgo de padecer incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo en mujeres menopáusicas, disminuye con la edad, de manera que a partir de los 52 años, éste se anula. (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Feminino , Humanos , Menopausa , Fatores de Risco , Incontinência Urinária por Estresse , Modelos Logísticos , Estudos de Casos e Controles
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